Losartan: Angiotensin II receptor antagonist among antihypertensive drugs

Losartan is a commonly used antihypertensive drug that is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist (ARB). It relaxes blood vessels and lowers blood pressure by blocking the action of angiotensin II. This article will start from itsMechanism of action, indications, usage and dosage, adverse reactions and manufacturerand other aspects are introduced to help readers fully understand this drug.

Mechanism of action and indications

Losartan inhibits vasoconstriction by selectively blocking the binding of angiotensin II to AT1 receptors, thereby lowering blood pressure. it is mainly used for treatmentessential hypertension, can also be useddiabetic nephropathyThe patient's proteinuria decreased. Compared with other antihypertensive drugs, Losartan has fewer side effects and is especially suitable for patients who cannot tolerate ACE inhibitors (such as cough side effects).

Usage, dosage and precautions

The usual starting dose is 50mg/day, which can be adjusted to 100mg/day according to blood pressure. The medication time is not affected by diet, but blood pressure and kidney function need to be monitored regularly. Contraindications includePregnant women, bilateral renal artery stenosis and severe hepatic insufficiencypatients. Common adverse reactions include dizziness and fatigue, but the incidence is low.

Adverse reactions and drug interactions

Losartan’s adverse reactions are mild, but you need to be vigilanthyperkalemia(especially when combined with potassium-sparing diuretics) andhypotensionrisk. Concomitant use with NSAIDs (such as ibuprofen) may reduce the blood pressure-lowering effect. Long-term use requires monitoring of serum potassium and creatinine levels, and the elderly and those with renal insufficiency should reduce the dosage.

Summary and production information

As a first-line antihypertensive drug, Losartan has both efficacy and safety, and is especially suitable for hypertensive patients with diabetes or metabolic abnormalities. The following is the main manufacturers and product information:

Quote sources:
1. "China Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension (2023 Revised Edition)"
2. U.S. FDA drug insert (Cozaar®)
3. Merck & Co., Ltd. product information